Fly-tipping in Hackney council area: incidents, enforcement and fines

Among the 267 councils in England that count all incidents, Hackney had the 3rd highest rate of fly-tipping per resident in 2024/25. Of the 25 ranked councils in London, it had the 3rd highest rate. The count was down 7% on 2023/24 (33,464), against a rise of 9% in Defra's England total.

The region and England columns add up the 25 councils in London and the 269 in England that count all incidents. In England, 26 councils that count only some incidents or changed how they count during the year, and 1 with no figure, are left out. The enforcement figures also leave out 4 councils that returned no actions or only part of a year: Isles of Scilly, Cheltenham, Chorley and Liverpool.

Footpaths and bridleways accounted for the most incidents in Hackney (11,541, 37%). 3% of incidents were on highways, against 33% across England. Compared with England, a larger share was on council land (32.1% against 18.4%). The council did not identify the land type for 27% of incidents.

The most common kind of waste was other household waste, in 18,048 incidents (58%; England 44%). Relative to England, Hackney had a larger share of other commercial waste (6.7% against 2.9%). Hazardous waste: 6 incidents involved clinical waste and 169 incidents involved chemical drums, oil and fuel. Tyres were dumped in 76 incidents.

16% were a car boot load or less (England 53%). 78% were van loads (England 43%). 1,799 incidents were the size of a tipper lorry load or larger (5.8%; England 3.7%): 1,775 tipper lorry loads and 24 significant or multiple loads.

The council took 2,558 enforcement actions against fly-tipping in 2024/25, 8.2 for every 100 incidents (England 42.1, London 38.7). The most common action was investigations (1,227, 48% of all actions; England 68%). It issued 106 fixed penalty notices (4.1% of its actions; England 8.4%): 29 for fly-tipping itself, 71 for littering alongside fly-tipping and 6 of other kinds.

The council told Defra that its fixed penalty for fly-tipping is £600, reduced to £400 for early payment. No prosecutions were recorded. Among the 254 councils ranked on enforcement, Hackney had the 42nd lowest rate of actions per 100 incidents and the 125th highest share of fixed penalty notices.

The chart shows fly-tipping incidents per 1,000 residents in Hackney in each year from 2022/23 to 2024/25, with Defra's England total. The rate was above the England total's in every one of those 3 years. The series starts in 2022/23 because Defra has no figure for the council for 2021/22.

Councils record fly-tipping in different ways and some have changed how they record it, so a rise or fall can reflect recording as well as dumping.

Of the 25 councils in London ranked for 2024/25, Camden had the highest rate (166.9 per 1,000) and Kingston upon Thames the lowest (13.8). Ealing, Enfield, Islington, Lambeth, Newham, Redbridge, Waltham Forest and Wandsworth are listed but not ranked: ranks cover only councils that count all incidents, with 100 or more in the year.

About these figures: source, Defra, fly-tipping statistics for England, local authority table (published 25 February 2026), gov.uk. Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. An incident is an illegal deposit of waste that a council dealt with or had reported to it, from a single black bag to multiple lorry loads; councils return the figures to Defra through WasteDataFlow each quarter.

Most fly-tipping on private land is cleared by the landowner and is not counted, and the largest and most organised dumping is dealt with by the Environment Agency, which is not included. Since 2019/20 Defra has recorded whether each council counts all incidents or only those reported by the public or found by its own staff. Councils that count only some incidents record fewer, so they, and councils that changed how they count during the year, are not ranked here. Sizes are recorded for the incidents a council investigated and cleared, so they can add up to fewer than all incidents.

Enforcement actions include investigations, warning letters, fixed penalty notices and prosecutions; court fine figures exclude fixed penalty payments. Rates are per resident, so council areas where many people work or visit but few live, such as central London, have high rates for that reason.

Rates use the population in Defra's table (ONS mid-year estimates). Defra's England total includes every council and its estimates for missing returns. On this page the England and region comparisons add up only the councils that count all incidents, and their enforcement figures leave out councils that returned no actions or only part of a year, as the ranks do; the chart's England line is Defra's total.